Category Archives: Unix

Unix

Upgrade FreeBSD and The ‘pw’ command exited with unexpected status 74

October 14, 2012 – 11:57 am

I have a vps account and got problem with pw  and also from sysinstall  after upgrade FreeBSD from 8.2 to 8.3.

# uname -a
FreeBSD alamsyah-rasyid.cust.arpnetworks.com 8.2-RELEASE-p3 FreeBSD 8.2-RELEASE-p3 #0: Tue Sep 27 18:45:57 UTC 2011 root@amd64-builder.daemonology.net:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/GENERIC amd64

# freebsd-update upgrade -r 8.3-RELEASE

….6680….6690….6700….6710….6720….6730….6740….6750….6760….6770….6780….6790….6800….6810….6820….6830….6840….6850….6860….6870….6880….6890….6900….6910….6920….6930….6940….6950….6960….6970….6980….6990….7000….7010….7020….7030….7040….7050….7060….7070….7080….7090….7100….7110….7120….7130….7140….7150….7160….7170….7180….7190….7200….7210….7220….7230….7240….7250….7260….7270….7280….7290….7300….7310….7320….7330….7340….7350….7360….7370….7380….7390….7400….7410….7420….7430….7440….7450….7460….7470….7480….7490….7500….7510….7520….7530….7540….7550….7560….7570….7580….7590….7600….7610….7620….7630….7640….7650….7660….7670….7680….7690….7700….7710….7720….7730….7740….7750….7760….7770….7780….7790….7800….7810….7820….7830….7840….7850….7860….7870….7880….7890….7900….7910….7920….7930….7940….7950….7960….7970….7980….7990….8000….8010….8020….8030….8040….8050….8060….8070….8080….8090….8100….8110….8120….8130….8140….8150….8160….8170….8180….8190….8200….8210….8220….8230….8240….8250….8260… done.
Applying patches…

# The following changes, which occurred between FreeBSD 8.2-RELEASE and
FreeBSD 8.3-RELEASE have been merged into /etc/group:
— current version
+++ new version
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-# $FreeBSD: src/etc/group,v 1.35.10.1.6.1 2010/12/21 17:09:25 kensmith Exp $
+# $FreeBSD: src/etc/group,v 1.35.10.2.2.1 2012/03/03 06:15:13 kensmith Exp $

you should check this file and see if tis fit your setting.

Mergemaster work as expected and time for freebsd-update install.
# freebsd-update install
Installing updates…
Kernel updates have been installed. Please reboot and run
“/usr/sbin/freebsd-update install” again to finish installing updates.

After restart the machine I need to add new account but got this error :

The ‘pw’ command exited with unexpected status 74

Further search lead me to this command  :

cd /etc && pwd_mkdb -p master.passwd

This command work well and solve my problem.

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Unix

Find out which lan card device is active

February 12, 2012 – 2:43 am

I used to work with FreeBSD till I resign after working for 10 years. Not touch server for long time make bit nervous when a client ask me to install and configure new server using various OS but mainly still in Linux or BSD environment.

When client change lan card position or change rj45 location system will get error message and not working.

Identify lan card and its ip address in Linux

# ifconfig -a | more

eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:21:5e:6b:f6:76
BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
Memory:91a80000-91aa0000

eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:21:5e:6b:f6:77
inet addr:192.168.1.10 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::221:5eff:fe6b:f677/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:4607 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:7707 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:100
RX bytes:394554 (394.5 KB) TX bytes:10255745 (10.2 MB)
Memory:91980000-919a0000

lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:226 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:226 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:36231 (36.2 KB) TX bytes:36231 (36.2 KB)

usb0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 02:21:5e:6b:f6:79
BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)

# ifconfig -s
Iface MTU Met RX-OK RX-ERR RX-DRP RX-OVR TX-OK TX-ERR TX-DRP TX-OVR Flg
eth1 1500 0 4627 0 0 0 7724 0 0 0 BMRU
lo 16436 0 226 0 0 0 226 0 0 0 LRU

How about FreeBSD??

# ifconfig -a
re0: flags=8843<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> metric 0 mtu 1500
options=9b<RXCSUM,TXCSUM,VLAN_MTU,VLAN_HWTAGGING,VLAN_HWCSUM>
ether 00:16:3e:9f:46:a1
inet 216.24.200.111 netmask 0xfffffff8 broadcast 216.24.200.199
media: Ethernet autoselect (100baseTX <full-duplex>)
status: active
plip0: flags=108810<POINTOPOINT,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST,NEEDSGIANT> metric 0 mtu 1500
lo0: flags=8049<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING,MULTICAST> metric 0 mtu 16384
inet6 fe80::1%lo0 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0×3
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 0xff000000

another FreeBSD machine

$ ifconfig -a
em0: flags=8843<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> metric 0 mtu 1500
options=219b<RXCSUM,TXCSUM,VLAN_MTU,VLAN_HWTAGGING,VLAN_HWCSUM,TSO4,WOL_MAGIC>
ether 5c:f3:fc:2a:53:35
inet 118.97.168.200 netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast 118.97.168.255
media: Ethernet autoselect (100baseTX <full-duplex>)
status: active
em1: flags=8843<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> metric 0 mtu 1500
options=219b<RXCSUM,TXCSUM,VLAN_MTU,VLAN_HWTAGGING,VLAN_HWCSUM,TSO4,WOL_MAGIC>
ether 5c:f3:fc:2a:53:36
inet 10.36.2.9 netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast 10.36.2.255
media: Ethernet autoselect (100baseTX <full-duplex>)
status: active
lo0: flags=8049<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING,MULTICAST> metric 0 mtu 16384
options=3<RXCSUM,TXCSUM>
inet6 fe80::1%lo0 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0×3
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 0xff000000
nd6 options=3<PERFORMNUD,ACCEPT_RTADV>

Message from this post :

1. use ifconfig -s in linux to check which lan card device connected with cable.

2. See status in FreeBSD to check which lan card connected with lan cable.

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Unix

Sender address rejected: Domain not found

August 1, 2011 – 3:54 am

I have an order for reinstall email server. I accept the job and finish it in one day ( I use FreeBSD 8.2 release for OS and Postfix for MTA but the longest session during reinstall is backup and migrating mailbox).

Everything seem ok until mail server deployed, local delivery work well except sending to outside. Any email to other email server rejected with ‘domain not found’ message.

I’ve change /etc/resolv.conf to use opendns and google public ip but still not work, the error message still appear and make me little confuse.

After look around finally I got the solution. Its about postfix local resolv.conf file. Postfix has its own resolv.conf file located in /var/spool/postfix/etc.

mail# ls
hosts           localtime       resolv.conf     services

Yes, that resolv.conf file is still holding the value of local dns server I use during installation process.

Change the ip to isp dns server clear my problem and everything seem fine.

Time to set spf record and dkim.

See you.

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Unix

Quick Setting Bind on FreeBSD 8.1

June 19, 2011 – 3:21 pm

I’m big fan of djbdns and I already write some post about djbdns and dnscache in the past.

Today, my friend ask me to install or configure bind for his FreeBSD that run 8.1 version. I ask him to follow FreeBSD manual but he said he already follow the guide but still face error.

I agree to help him set quick dns server using bind on his FreeBSD box. I think I have to test it first before give another suggestion and maybe I’ll need it in the future.

Lets get start!

Target : domain example.com will be resolved to 192.168.12.108

1. Enable bind on start up by add this line in /etc/rc.conf

named_enable=”YES”

2. Change a few things on /etc/namedb/named.conf

- Listen to ip 192.168.12.108

//      listen-on       { 127.0.0.1; };
listen-on       { 192.168.12.108; };

- Set forwarders to ip address of router / isp dns

forwarders {
192.168.12.1;
};

- Add zone for example.com

zone “example.com”{
type master;
file “/etc/namedb/master/example.com”;
};

3. Add zone file content (for example.com)

ee /etc/namedb/master/example.com

add fill this lines:

$TTL 3600        ; 1 hour default TTL
example.com.    IN      SOA      ns1.example.com. admin.example.com. (
2006051501      ; Serial
10800           ; Refresh
3600            ; Retry
604800          ; Expire
300             ; Negative Response TTL
)

; DNS Servers
IN      NS      ns1.example.com.
IN      NS      ns2.example.com.

; MX Records
IN      MX 10   mx.example.com.
IN      MX 20   mail.example.com.

IN      A       192.168.12.108

; Machine Names
localhost       IN      A       127.0.0.1
ns1             IN      A       192.168.12.108
ns2             IN      A       192.168.12.107
mx              IN      A       192.168.12.108
mail            IN      A       192.168.12.108
www             IN      A       192.168.12.108
@               IN      A       192.168.12.108

save the file.

4. Add the address to /etc/resolv.conf

echo ‘nameserver 192.168.12.108′ >> /etc/resolv.conf

5. Restart dns server

# /etc/rc.d/named restart

Stopping named.
Waiting for PIDS: 2130.
Starting named.

6. Testing resolver

# dig example.com

; <<>> DiG 9.6.2-P2 <<>> example.com
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 26178
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 2, ADDITIONAL: 2

;; QUESTION SECTION:
;example.com.           IN      A

;; ANSWER SECTION:
example.com.    3600    IN      A       192.168.12.108

;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
example.com.    3600    IN      NS      ns1.example.com.
example.com.    3600    IN      NS      ns2.example.com.

;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
ns1.example.com. 3600   IN      A       192.168.12.108
ns2.example.com. 3600   IN      A       192.168.12.107

;; Query time: 0 msec
;; SERVER: 192.168.12.108#53(192.168.12.108)
;; WHEN: Sun Jun 19 23:19:07 2011
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 121

Beautiful, quick and dirty way to get working dns server icon smile Quick Setting Bind on FreeBSD 8.1

Tips :

always watch /var/log/messages for error message(s).

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Linux Unix

How to install Debian KFreeBSD

May 7, 2011 – 4:03 pm

This post got delayed very long, I’ve already create the video since Februari 22 2011 but still have no time to publish. I just curious on how Debian and FreeBSD work in one place called Debian KFreBSD and as always everything just start from installation step and that is the main reason why I write this post.

Lets get start!

Get latest version of Debian KFreeBSD  and do installation with VMWare.

Choose Default Install.

install debian kfreebsd1 How to install Debian KFreeBSD

Choose English as installation language.

install debian kfreebsd2 How to install Debian KFreeBSD

Select Location : I choose United States.

read more »

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Unix

How to install postgresql 8.1.22 and php 5.2.14 on FreeBSD 8.1 stable

November 2, 2010 – 11:25 pm

Recent change in mysql make my friend contact me. He want to learn and practice about postgresql before use it on real cpanel host that support postgresql . I agree to set new server for him to play around. The  server itself basically consists of apache, php, postgresql and phppgadmin on FreeBSD 8.1 stable.

Here the steps :

Which Version of Postgresql

I also have same hosting account that my friend use. I log in to cpanel then click phppgadmin to see postgresql version.

postgresql hosting How to install postgresql 8.1.22 and php 5.2.14 on FreeBSD 8.1 stable

Ok. I can see that Postgresql 8.1.22 installed on that host.

read more »

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Blog Unix

Fatal error: Call to undefined function gregoriantojd()

April 17, 2010 – 4:47 am

That error message show up when I try to install wordpress plugin. I think it must be plugin author false since I already have php date extension enabled but I’m wrong icon smile Fatal error: Call to undefined function gregoriantojd()

Further search lead me to ‘calendar’ extension. Look no further to php5-calendar in my FreeBSD 7.3 box I install it.

cd /usr/ports/misc/php5-calendar && make install

stop php cgi prosess

/usr/local/etc/rc.d/php.cgi.sh stop

start php cgi process

/usr/local/etc/rc.d/php.cgi.sh start

check extension with phpinfo() function :

php calendar Fatal error: Call to undefined function gregoriantojd()

Great its on the list now. Refresh plugin install at wordpress and I’m back to business icon smile Fatal error: Call to undefined function gregoriantojd()

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Unix

FreeBSD 7.3 released

March 24, 2010 – 12:44 pm

FreeBSD 7.3 ready to serve.

From FreeBSD press release :

Some of the highlights:

  • ZFS updated to version 13
  • new boot loader gptzfsboot supports GPT and ZFS
  • hwpmc(4) enhancements including support for Core2/i7 processor and pmcannotate(8)
  • new mfiutil and mptutil tools for widely used RAID controllers
  • NULL pointer vulnerability mitigation
  • bind updated to 9.4-ESV
  • Gnome updated to 2.28.2
  • KDE updated to 4.3.5
  • Perl updated to 5.10

For a complete list of new features and known problems, please see the online release notes and errata list available at:

Download link : i386

for other architecture you may visit full 7.3 iso

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Unix Work

Step by step Install Pure-FTP inside pfSense

December 15, 2009 – 1:35 pm

pfSense is great stuff when you’re looking for Firewall but I need more icon smile Step by step Install Pure FTP inside pfSense

Case :

A user want to store his file in the form of FTP but pfSense is the only server that available in the office. New HDD ready to support this method.

Solution : Add new HDD and install FTP server inside pfSense.

Steps : ( I use vmware for reproduction the steps)

Install pfSense version 1.2.3

1. Install pfSense

I install version 1.2.3 as I need to produce it with latest pfSense version.

vmware pfsense Step by step Install Pure FTP inside pfSense

I use 2 HDD ( system located in 8G HDD and second HDD for FTP data)

Ethernet 1 set for LAN ( ip address 192.168.12.110) and ethernet 2 work as WAN ( I set to DHCP)

Enable sshd for remote configuration via ssh client like putty, securecrt  etc.

Restart system after successfully install to HDD.

read more »

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Unix

FreeBSD 8.0 RELEASE has been released, get your iso or update your source now!

November 23, 2009 – 11:31 am

While waiting for official announcement I see that FreeBSD 8.0 iso file just replace 8.0RC3.

Quick download iso file for FreeBSD 8.0 Release :

Update via source using csup or cvsup

set to :

RELENG_8_0 for release

or

RELENG_8 for stable

Update via freebsd-update :

freebsd-update upgrade -r 8.0-RELEASE

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Unix Work

Download FreeBSD 8 RC3 iso file

November 16, 2009 – 3:10 pm

FreeBSD 8 RC3 already out, ready to test for all your machine.

Choose your favourite forms :

  1. BootOnly
  2. CD (disc 1)
  3. DVD
  4. LifeFS
  5. MemStick

Upgrade method :

  • cvsup, use  “RELENG_8_0″
  • freebsd-update ( freebsd-update upgrade -r 8.0-RC3 )

More information for freebsd-update available here.

More information about this RC please read release announcement.

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